Nesta segunda-feira, 25 de março, é lembrada a Data Magna do Ceará, com feriado estadual que celebra a abolição da escravidão. O Ceará foi o primeiro no Brasil a firmar a libertação. O fato ocorreu no ano de 1884. Já o feriado foi instituído por lei em 6 de dezembro de 2011.
Em 27 de janeiro de 1881, Francisco José do Nascimento, o Dragão do Mar, jangadeiro da capital, moveu a classe a firmar posição diante do tráfico de escravos no Estado. Dragão do Mar convenceu os colegas jangadeiros a se recusarem a transportar os escravos vendidos para o sul do Brasil para os navios negreiros. Com esta atitude, eles conseguiram de fato abolir o tráfico de pessoas na província.
Embora o Ceará fosse pioneiro no Brasil, o país foi o último do Ocidente a proibir a escravidão. A Lei Áurea foi sancionada apenas em 13 de maio de 1888, quatro anos depois do nosso Estado.
Mais pioneiro que o próprio Ceará, a Vila do Acarape, hoje município de Redenção, foi a primeira do Brasil a decretar liberdade às pessoas escravizadas, entregando, em frente à igreja Matriz, 116 cartas de alforria, em 1º de janeiro de 1883.
O destino dessas pessoas após libertas foi variado. Alguns recorreram a quilombos, como o da Serra do Evaristo, em Baturité, outros foram para a capital. Outros, diante da situação, aceitaram entrar em acordo com os senhores e passaram a prestar serviço remunerado.
A cidade de Redenção tem como um dos símbolos da libertação o Museu Senzala Negro Liberto com a casa grande, senzala, canavial e a moageira, hoje local turístico.
A senzala era onde os escravos descansavam e eram castigados. Eles eram chicoteados no local e, como eram muito altos, tendo cerca de 1,80 metros, precisavam ficar deitados. Quanto mais rebeldes, mais no fundo do local ficavam.
A senzala era um cômodo úmido, parecido com um túnel, de teto baixo, com uma única e estreita entrada de ar com grades. No cubículo escuro, eram colocados cerca de dez pessoas. Ao todo eram cerca de 100 escravizados no local.
Em reconhecimento ao fato da abolição, Redenção foi o município escolhido para receber a Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (Unilab) desde 2009.
Fonte: Badalo(site)
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